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Slack (software)

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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the company that develops Slack, see <a href="Slack_Technologies" title="Slack Technologies">Slack Technologies</a>.</div><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="Slackware" title="Slackware">Slackware</a>.</div>

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</style><table class="infobox vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary">Slack</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Programmer" title="Programmer">Original author(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Stewart_Butterfield" title="Stewart Butterfield">Stewart Butterfield</a>, Eric Costello, <a href="Cal_Henderson" title="Cal Henderson">Cal Henderson</a>, and Serguei Mourachov<a href="#cite_note-SlackOpen-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Programmer" title="Programmer">Developer(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Slack_Technologies" title="Slack Technologies">Slack Technologies</a> (<a href="Salesforce" title="Salesforce">Salesforce</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Initial release</th><td class="infobox-data">August 2013 (2013-08)<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Written in</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Electron_(software_framework)" title="Electron (software framework)">Electron</a> (<a href="C%2B%2B" title="C++">C++</a>, <a href="JavaScript" title="JavaScript">JavaScript</a>, <a href="TypeScript" title="TypeScript">TypeScript</a>, <a href="React_(JavaScript_library)" class="mw-redirect" title="React (JavaScript library)">React</a>, <a href="Redux_(JavaScript_library)" title="Redux (JavaScript library)">Redux</a>, etc.),<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> <a href="Hack_(programming_language)" title="Hack (programming language)">Hack</a> (backend)<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Operating_system" title="Operating system">Operating system</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Microsoft Windows</a>, <a href="MacOS" title="MacOS">macOS</a>, <a href="Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>, <a href="IOS" title="IOS">iOS</a>, <a href="Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Available in</th><td class="infobox-data">12 languages<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">

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</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background-color: transparent;">List of languages</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="">Chinese (Traditional), Chinese (Simplified), English (UK), English (US), French (France), German (Germany), Italian (Italy), Japanese (Japan), Korean (South Korea), Portuguese (Brazil), Spanish (Latin America), Spanish (Spain)</div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Software_categories#Categorization_approaches" title="Software categories">Type</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Collaborative_software" title="Collaborative software">Collaborative software</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Software_license" title="Software license">License</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Proprietary_software" title="Proprietary software">Proprietary</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://slack.com/">slack.com</a></td></tr></tbody></table>

Slack is a <a href="Cloud_computing" title="Cloud computing">cloud-based</a> team communication platform developed by <a href="Slack_Technologies" title="Slack Technologies">Slack Technologies</a>, which has been owned by <a href="Salesforce" title="Salesforce">Salesforce</a> since 2020. Slack uses a <a href="Freemium" title="Freemium">freemium model</a>. Slack is primarily offered as a <a href="Business-to-business" title="Business-to-business">business-to-business</a> service, with its userbase being predominantly team-based businesses while its functionalities are focused primarily on business administration and communication.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-:7-8">[8]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div>

Slack originated as an internal communication tool used within <a href="Stewart_Butterfield" title="Stewart Butterfield">Stewart Butterfield</a>'s company <a href="Tiny_Speck" class="mw-redirect" title="Tiny Speck">Tiny Speck</a>, during its work on the development of <a href="Glitch_(video_game)" title="Glitch (video game)">Glitch</a>, an online video game.<a href="#cite_note-Tam-9">[9]</a> These communication tools were initially built around the <a href="Internet_Relay_Chat" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet Relay Chat">Internet Relay Chat</a> (IRC) protocol and included scripts designed to automate and organize file exchanges among its development team. By October 2012, Stewart Butterfield realized that Glitch was not going to bring necessary profits.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> As a result, he decided to change the direction of his company and repurpose the communication tools they had developed into a new product.

In 2012, Butterfield decided to name their upcoming product "Slack", which he said was derived from the phrase "Searchable Log of All Conversation and Knowledge", replacing the previous codename "linefeed".<a href="#cite_note-Acronym-11">[11]</a>

In August 2013, Slack was launched to the public<a href="#cite_note-Koetsier-12">[12]</a> and continued to maintain compatibility with <a href="IRC" title="IRC">IRC</a>, reflecting its origin.<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> Additionally, it was also compatible with <a href="XMPP" title="XMPP">XMPP</a> messaging protocols. In May 2018 however, the company chose to close down these corresponding gateways due to limitations inherent in those protocols.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a>

On July 26, 2018, Slack acquired <a href="HipChat" title="HipChat">HipChat</a> and <a href="Stride_(software)" title="Stride (software)">Stride</a> from <a href="Atlassian" title="Atlassian">Atlassian</a>, with plans to shut down both services in February 2019 and migrate their users to Slack.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a>

In June 2019, Slack went public through a <a href="Direct_public_offering" title="Direct public offering">direct public offering</a> to reach a market value of $19.5 billion.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a>

In July 2020, Slack acquired Rimeto, a startup specializing in employee directories and profiles, with plans to rename the service and operate it as a standalone app.<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> Almost a year later, in June 2021, its functionality was launched as an optional feature within Slack named "Slack Atlas".<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a>

On December 1, 2020, Slack and <a href="Salesforce" title="Salesforce">Salesforce</a> announced an agreement for Salesforce to acquire the company for approximately $27.7 billion, marking one of the most significant tech acquisitions at that time.<a href="#cite_note-salesforce-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> The acquisition was completed on July 21, 2021.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a>

On December 5, 2022, Salesforce announced that Butterfield was leaving Slack and would be succeeded by <a href="Lidiane_Jones" title="Lidiane Jones">Lidiane Jones</a>, an executive vice president at Salesforce.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> On November 13, 2023, Salesforce executive Denise Dresser was appointed to replace Jones, who was in turn replacing <a href="Whitney_Wolfe_Herd" title="Whitney Wolfe Herd">Whitney Wolfe Herd</a> as <a href="Bumble" title="Bumble">Bumble</a> CEO.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a>

In August 2024, <a href="Box%2C_Inc." title="Box, Inc.">Box</a> and Slack announced an expanded partnership that introduced secure AI capabilities to enterprise content management.<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Outages_and_security_breaches"> Outages and security breaches</h3></div>

In March 2015, Slack announced that it had been <a href="Exploit_(computer_security)" title="Exploit (computer security)">hacked</a> for over four days in February 2015 and that some data associated with user accounts had been compromised, including email addresses, usernames, hashed passwords, phone numbers, and <a href="Skype" title="Skype">Skype</a> IDs. In response to the attacks, Slack added <a href="Multi-factor_authentication" title="Multi-factor authentication">two-factor authentication</a> to its service.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a>

On January 4, 2021, Slack suffered a significant outage that lasted several hours. From 10 AM ET until 3 PM ET, users could not log in, send or receive messages, place or answer calls, or use Slack connections. After 3 PM, most of the core features became operational, except for push notifications, email, and third-party integrations, including <a href="Google_Calendar" title="Google Calendar">Google Calendar</a> and <a href="Outlook.com" title="Outlook.com">Outlook Calendar</a>.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a><a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a>

In 2022, Slack suffered widely reported outages on February 22,<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> March 9<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> and July 26.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> On 31 December 2022, Slack announced that its private <a href="GitHub" title="GitHub">GitHub</a> repositories had been compromised during the previous weeks, using stolen security tokens.<a href="#cite_note-2023-01-05_BC-35">[35]</a>

In February 2025, Slack experienced a widely reported outage.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Features">Features</h2></div>

Slack offers many <a href="Internet_Relay_Chat" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet Relay Chat">IRC</a>-style features, including persistent chat rooms known as channels, which are organized by topic, as well as private groups and direct-messaging functionalities.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> All content, including files, conversations, and people, is searchable within Slack. Users can express their reactions in the form of <a href="Emoji" title="Emoji">emojis</a> to any message.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> Message history on Slack is limited to messages from the last 90 days on the free plan.<a href="#cite_note-paid_vs_free-39">[39]</a>

Slack allows communities, groups, or teams to join a "workspace" via a specific URL or invitation sent by a team admin or owner.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> A workspace can contain both public and private channels, with public channels being accessible to all members of the workspace.<a href="#cite_note-:3-41">[41]</a> Both public and private channels can be converted interchangeably.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a>

Direct messages enable users to engage in private one-on-one or group conversations with up to nine participants. Group direct message can be converted into a private channel.<a href="#cite_note-:1-43">[43]</a>

Slack integrates with many third-party services and supports community-built integrations, including <a href="Google_Drive" title="Google Drive">Google Drive</a>, <a href="Trello" title="Trello">Trello</a>, <a href="Dropbox" title="Dropbox">Dropbox</a>, <a href="Box_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Box (company)">Box</a>, <a href="Heroku" title="Heroku">Heroku</a>, <a href="IBM_Cloud" title="IBM Cloud">IBM Bluemix</a>, <a href="Crashlytics" title="Crashlytics">Crashlytics</a>, <a href="GitHub" title="GitHub">GitHub</a>, <a href="Runscope" title="Runscope">Runscope</a>, <a href="Zendesk" title="Zendesk">Zendesk</a>, and <a href="Zapier" title="Zapier">Zapier</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Gannes-44">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-Augustine-45">[45]</a> In July 2015, Slack launched an integration with Google Calendar.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> Later, in December of the same year, a searchable directory was introduced, consisting of over 150 integrations that users can install.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> In addition to these integrations, Slack offers users the ability to incorporate and customize <a href="Chatbot" title="Chatbot">chatbots</a> known as "Slackbots". These chatbots can be configured to send notifications, reminders, or provide tailored responses to specific phrases, among other functions.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> Furthermore, Slack provides an <a href="API" title="API">application programming interface</a> that enables users to develop applications and automate various processes, including sending notifications based on input, generating alerts for specific conditions, creating internal support tickets, and more.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a>

In March 2018, Slack partnered with <a href="Workday%2C_Inc." title="Workday, Inc.">Workday</a>, a financial and <a href="Human_resource_management" title="Human resource management">human capital management</a> firm.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> This integration allows employees to access co-worker information, organizational charts, benefits, feedback, and time-off requests within Slack.<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a>

In March 2022, Slack introduced a new <a href="Telephone_call" title="Telephone call">voice conference</a> feature known as "Huddles".<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> Within a Huddle, users have the capability to mute or unmute themselves, <a href="Screen_sharing" class="mw-redirect" title="Screen sharing">share their screens</a>, draw on a shared screen, and invite others to the call.<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> In June 2022, Huddles received the additional functionality of video calls.<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> Huddles are restricted to only two participants on free tiers, while paid plans offer the capacity for up to 50 participants.

In March 2023, Salesforce announced the partnership with <a href="OpenAI" title="OpenAI">OpenAI</a> to launch a <a href="ChatGPT" title="ChatGPT">ChatGPT</a> integration for Slack that can be used for summarizing conversations, answering questions, or drafting replies.<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a>

Slack provides mobile apps for <a href="IOS" title="IOS">iOS</a> and <a href="Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a> in addition to their web browser client and desktop clients for MacOS, Windows,<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> and Linux (beta).<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> Slack is also available for the <a href="Apple_Watch" title="Apple Watch">Apple Watch</a>, allowing users to send direct messages, see mentions, and make simple replies.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Business_model">Business model</h2></div>

Slack is a <a href="Freemium" title="Freemium">freemium</a> product whose main paid features are the ability to search more than 90 days' archived messages and add unlimited apps and integrations.<a href="#cite_note-paid_vs_free-39">[39]</a> They also claim support for an unlimited number of users. When <a href="FreeCodeCamp" title="FreeCodeCamp">freeCodeCamp</a> attempted to switch its community of over 8,000 users to Slack in 2015, however, they experienced many technical issues and were advised by Slack support to limit their channels to "no more than 1,000 users (ideally more like 500)".<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> That specific limit no longer applied by January 2017.<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Growth">Growth</h2></div>

In August 2013, 8,000 customers signed up for the service within 24 hours of its launch.<a href="#cite_note-Koetsier-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-Fingas-63">[63]</a> In February 2015, the company reported that approximately 10,000 new daily active users had signed up each week, and had more than 135,000 paying customers spread across 60,000 teams.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> By April 2015, those numbers had grown to 200,000 paid subscribers and a total of 750,000 daily active users.<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> Late in 2015, Slack passed more than a million daily active users.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a><a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> As of May 2018, Slack had over 8 million daily users, 3 million of whom had paid accounts.<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> At the time of its <a href="Form_S-1" title="Form S-1">S-1 filing</a> for <a href="Initial_public_offering" title="Initial public offering">IPO</a>, dated April 26, 2019, Slack reported more than 10 million daily active users from more than 600,000 organizations, located in more than 150 countries.<a href="#cite_note-:2-70">[70]</a>

In 2019, it was estimated that employees at large firms were sending over 200 Slack messages per week on average.<a href="#cite_note-:5-71">[71]</a> From 2013 to 2019 the amount of time spent on work email had declined, which was attributed to the proliferation of Slack and its competitors <a href="Workplace_(software)" title="Workplace (software)">Workplace</a> (launched by Facebook in 2016), <a href="Microsoft_Teams" title="Microsoft Teams">Microsoft Teams</a> (launched 2017) and <a href="Google_Chat" title="Google Chat">Google Hangouts Chat</a> and Meet (launched in 2018).<a href="#cite_note-:5-71">[71]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reception">Reception</h2></div>

In March 2015, the <a href="Financial_Times" title="Financial Times">Financial Times</a> wrote that Slack was the first business technology to have crossed from business into personal use since <a href="Microsoft_Office" title="Microsoft Office">Microsoft Office</a> and the <a href="BlackBerry" title="BlackBerry">BlackBerry</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:6-72">[72]</a> In 2017, <a href="New_York_(magazine)" title="New York (magazine)">New York</a> magazine criticized the platform for being "another utility we both rely on and resent".<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a>

In 2017, Slack was recognized as the best startup of the year at the <a href="Crunchies" title="Crunchies">Crunchies</a> Awards, organized by <a href="TechCrunch" title="TechCrunch">TechCrunch</a>.<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a>

The digital rights group <a href="Electronic_Frontier_Foundation" title="Electronic Frontier Foundation">Electronic Frontier Foundation</a> (EFF) has cautioned that "Slack stores and is able to read all of your communications, as well as identifying information for everyone in your workspace."<a href="#cite_note-:0-75">[75]</a> They commended the company for following several best practices in standing up for users concerning government data requests, such as requiring a warrant for content stored on its server, and awarding it four out of five stars in its 2017 "Who has your back" report;<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> the EFF also criticized Slack for "a broad set of exceptions" to its promise to notify users of such requests, and for other privacy shortcomings.<a href="#cite_note-:0-75">[75]</a>

Slack has been criticized by users<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> for storing user data exclusively on <a href="Cloud_computing" title="Cloud computing">cloud</a> servers under Slack control.<a href="#cite_note-slack-alternatives-78">[78]</a><a href="#cite_note-uber-79">[79]</a> This is found to be a particular issue for users with large teams, who experienced issues with connectivity within the app, access to archived messages, and the number of users for a given "workspace".<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a>

Slack has also been criticized for a retroactive 2018 change to its privacy policy, allowing access to all public and private chat messages by workspace administrators, without the need of consent from any parties using the app.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> According to the new policy, Slack workspace members are no longer notified when data is downloaded from their workspace.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a>

Slack has also been criticized when used in <a href="Free_and_open-source" class="mw-redirect" title="Free and open-source">free and open-source</a> projects for the inability to search for messages and discussions.<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a>

<ul><li><a href="List_of_collaborative_software" title="List of collaborative software">List of collaborative software</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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<li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.salon.com/2018/03/22/slack-makes-an-odd-privacy-update-amid-unfolding-facebook-privacy-scandal/">"Slacks new policy lets bosses read employees dms without consent"</a>. March 22, 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190209010349/https://www.salon.com/2018/03/22/slack-makes-an-odd-privacy-update-amid-unfolding-facebook-privacy-scandal/">Archived</a> from the original on February 9, 2019. Retrieved February 10, 2019.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://venturebeat.com/business/cutting-slack-when-open-source-and-team-chat-tools-collide/">"Cutting Slack: When open source and team chat tools collide"</a>. VentureBeat. June 18, 2021. Retrieved January 17, 2023.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFWilkes2018" class="citation web cs1">Wilkes, Gabriel (May 10, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://medium.com/@gabriel_wilkes/why-tech-groups-can-get-away-with-using-slack-for-free-but-open-source-projects-and-businesses-of-96c427aaefbb">"Why tech groups can use Slack for free but open source projects and businesses of any size shouldn't"</a>. Medium. Retrieved January 17, 2023.</cite>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.salesforce.com/slack/">Official website</a> </li>

<li>Interview with Slack co-founder Stewart Butterfield: <cite id="CITEREFKai_RyssdalMaria_Hollenhorst2019" class="citation news cs1">Kai Ryssdal; Maria Hollenhorst (July 22, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marketplace.org/2019/07/22/what-is-slack/">"What Is Slack?"</a>. <a href="Marketplace_(radio_program)" title="Marketplace (radio program)">Marketplace</a>. American Public Media. Retrieved August 10, 2019.</cite></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFJared_Newman2020" class="citation web cs1">Jared Newman (June 25, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://medium.com/fast-company/now-slack-is-more-than-an-email-killer-its-a-social-network-in-disguise-278b584b9fcc">"Now Slack Is More Than an Email Killer: it's a Social Network in Disguise"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20230417180627/https://medium.com/fast-company/now-slack-is-more-than-an-email-killer-its-a-social-network-in-disguise-278b584b9fcc">Archived</a> from the original on April 17, 2023.</cite></li></ul>

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</style><div id="Instant_messaging199" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Instant_messaging" title="Instant messaging">Instant messaging</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Protocols (<a href="Comparison_of_instant_messaging_protocols" title="Comparison of instant messaging protocols">comparison</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Open</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Matrix_(protocol)" title="Matrix (protocol)">Matrix</a></li>

<li><a href="MTProto" class="mw-redirect" title="MTProto">MTProto</a></li>

<li><a href="Retroshare" title="Retroshare">Retroshare</a></li>

<li><a href="Signal_Protocol" title="Signal Protocol">Signal Protocol</a></li>

<li><a href="SIMPLE_(instant_messaging_protocol)" title="SIMPLE (instant messaging protocol)">SIMPLE</a></li></ul></li>

<ul><li><a href="Jingle_(protocol)" title="Jingle (protocol)">Jingle</a></li>

<li><a href="Zephyr_(protocol)" title="Zephyr (protocol)">Zephyr</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Closed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="OSCAR_protocol" title="OSCAR protocol">OSCAR</a>

<li><a href="Skype_protocol" title="Skype protocol">Skype</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="BBM_Enterprise" title="BBM Enterprise">BBM Enterprise</a></li>

<li><a href="Beeper_(software)" title="Beeper (software)">Beeper</a></li>

<li><a href="DingTalk" title="DingTalk">DingTalk</a></li>

<li><a href="Discord" title="Discord">Discord</a></li>

<li><a href="Element_(software)" title="Element (software)">Element</a></li>

<li><a href="Google_Chat" title="Google Chat">Google Chat</a></li>

<li><a href="Google_Meet" title="Google Meet">Google Meet</a></li>

<li><a href="Google_Messages" title="Google Messages">Google Messages</a></li>

<li><a href="GroupMe" title="GroupMe">GroupMe</a></li>

<li><a href="Guilded" title="Guilded">Guilded</a></li>

<li><a href="IMessage" title="IMessage">iMessage</a></li>

<li><a href="Instagram#Instagram_Direct" title="Instagram">Instagram Direct Messenger</a></li>

<li><a href="Jio#Jio_apps" title="Jio">JioChat</a></li>

<li><a href="Jongla" title="Jongla">Jongla</a></li>

<li><a href="KakaoTalk" title="KakaoTalk">KakaoTalk</a></li>

<li><a href="Libon_(service)" title="Libon (service)">Libon</a></li>

<li><a href="Marco_Polo_(app)" title="Marco Polo (app)">Marco Polo</a></li>

<li><a href="Mattermost" title="Mattermost">Mattermost</a></li>

<li><a href="Facebook_Messenger" class="mw-redirect" title="Facebook Messenger">Facebook Messenger</a></li>

<li><a href="Messenger_Kids" title="Messenger Kids">Messenger Kids</a></li>

<li><a href="The_Palace_(computer_program)" title="The Palace (computer program)">The Palace</a></li>

<li><a href="Sandes_(software)" title="Sandes (software)">Sandes</a></li>

<li><a href="Session_(software)" title="Session (software)">Session</a></li>

<li><a href="ShareChat" title="ShareChat">ShareChat</a></li>

<li><a href="Signal_(software)" title="Signal (software)">Signal</a></li>

<li><a href="Snapchat" title="Snapchat">Snapchat</a></li>

<li><a href="Tango_Live" title="Tango Live">Tango Live</a></li>

<li><a href="Telegram_(software)" title="Telegram (software)">Telegram</a></li>

<li><a href="Textfree" title="Textfree">Textfree</a></li>

<li><a href="Threema" title="Threema">Threema</a></li>

<li><a href="Trillian_(software)" title="Trillian (software)">Trillian</a></li>

<li><a href="Viber" title="Viber">Viber</a></li>

<li><a href="VK_(service)" title="VK (service)">VK Messenger</a></li>

<li><a href="WeChat" title="WeChat">WeChat</a></li>

<li><a href="WhatsApp" title="WhatsApp">WhatsApp</a></li>

<li><a href="Wickr" title="Wickr">Wickr</a></li>

<li><a href="Zulip" title="Zulip">Zulip</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Clients (<a href="Comparison_of_cross-platform_instant_messaging_clients" title="Comparison of cross-platform instant messaging clients">comparison</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Single protocol</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Baidu" title="Baidu">Baidu Hi</a></li>

<li><a href="BBM_Enterprise" title="BBM Enterprise">BBM Enterprise</a></li>

<li><a href="Briar_(software)" title="Briar (software)">Briar</a></li>

<li><a href="Element_(software)" title="Element (software)">Element</a></li>

<li><a href="FaceTime" title="FaceTime">FaceTime</a></li>

<li><a href="GroupMe" title="GroupMe">GroupMe</a></li>

<li><a href="HCL_Sametime" title="HCL Sametime">HCL Sametime</a></li>

<li><a href="Jongla" title="Jongla">Jongla</a></li>

<li><a href="Linphone" title="Linphone">Linphone</a></li>

<li><a href="Facebook_Messenger" class="mw-redirect" title="Facebook Messenger">Facebook Messenger</a></li>

<li><a href="Retroshare" title="Retroshare">Retroshare</a></li>

<li><a href="Ricochet_(software)" title="Ricochet (software)">Ricochet</a></li>

<li><a href="Session_(software)" title="Session (software)">Session</a></li>

<li><a href="Signal_(software)" title="Signal (software)">Signal</a></li>

<li><a href="Telegram_(software)" title="Telegram (software)">Telegram</a></li>

<li><a href="WeChat" title="WeChat">WeChat</a></li>

<li><a href="WhatsApp" title="WhatsApp">WhatsApp</a></li>

<li><a href="Wickr" title="Wickr">Wickr</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Multi-protocol</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Adium" title="Adium">Adium</a></li>

<li><a href="Ayttm" title="Ayttm">Ayttm</a></li>

<li><a href="Beeper_(software)" title="Beeper (software)">Beeper</a></li>

<li><a href="BitlBee" title="BitlBee">BitlBee</a></li>

<li><a href="Centericq" title="Centericq">Centericq</a></li>

<li><a href="EBuddy" title="EBuddy">eBuddy</a></li>

<li><a href="Jitsi" title="Jitsi">Jitsi</a></li>

<li><a href="Kopete" title="Kopete">Kopete</a></li>

<li><a href="Messages_(Apple)" title="Messages (Apple)">Messages</a></li>

<li><a href="Miranda_NG" title="Miranda NG">Miranda NG</a></li>

<li><a href="Nimbuzz" title="Nimbuzz">Nimbuzz</a></li>

<li><a href="Pidgin_(software)" title="Pidgin (software)">Pidgin</a>

<ul><li><a href="Finch_(software)" title="Finch (software)">Finch</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="KDE_Telepathy" title="KDE Telepathy">Telepathy</a></li>

<li><a href="Mozilla_Thunderbird" title="Mozilla Thunderbird">Thunderbird</a></li>

<li><a href="Trillian_(software)" title="Trillian (software)">Trillian</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="XMPP" title="XMPP">XMPP (Jabber)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="ChatSecure" title="ChatSecure">ChatSecure</a></li>

<li><a href="Conversations_(software)" title="Conversations (software)">Conversations</a></li>

<li><a href="Gajim" title="Gajim">Gajim</a></li>

<li><a href="Spark_(XMPP_client)" title="Spark (XMPP client)">Spark</a></li>

<li><a href="Tkabber" title="Tkabber">Tkabber</a></li>

<li><a href="Xabber" title="Xabber">Xabber</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Microsoft_Notification_Protocol" title="Microsoft Notification Protocol">MSNP</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Microsoft_Teams" title="Microsoft Teams">Microsoft Teams</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="List_of_defunct_instant_messaging_platforms" title="List of defunct instant messaging platforms">List of defunct instant messaging platforms</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Backchannel" title="Backchannel">Backchannel</a></li>

<li><a href="Chatbot" title="Chatbot">Chatbot</a></li>

<li><a href="Circuit_(software)" class="mw-redirect" title="Circuit (software)">Circuit</a></li>

<li><a href="Comparison_of_user_features_of_messaging_platforms" title="Comparison of user features of messaging platforms">Comparison of user features of messaging platforms</a></li>

<li><a href="Contact_list" title="Contact list">Contact list</a></li>

<li><a href="Emoticon" title="Emoticon">Emoticon</a></li>

<li><a href="File_sharing" title="File sharing">File sharing</a></li>

<li><a href="FirstClass" title="FirstClass">FirstClass</a></li>

<li><a href="Flock_(messaging_service)" title="Flock (messaging service)">Flock</a></li>

<li><a href="LAN_messenger" title="LAN messenger">LAN messenger</a></li>

<li><a href="Online_chat" title="Online chat">Online chat</a></li>

<li><a href="Presence_information" title="Presence information">Presence information</a></li>

<li><a href="Glip" class="mw-redirect" title="Glip">RingCentral Glip</a></li>

<li><a href="SMS_language" title="SMS language">SMS language</a></li>

<li><a href="Status_message_(instant_messaging)" title="Status message (instant messaging)">Status message</a></li>

<li><a href="U-Report" title="U-Report">U-Report</a></li>

<li><a href="Videotelephony" title="Videotelephony">Videotelephony</a></li>

<li><a href="Viva_Engage" title="Viva Engage">Viva Engage</a></li>

<li><a href="Webcam" title="Webcam">Webcam</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Task_management_software_and_project_management_software208" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Task_management_software_and_project_management_software208" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Task_management" title="Task management">Task management</a> software and <a href="Project_management_software" title="Project management software">project management software</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Airtable" title="Airtable">Airtable</a></li>

<li><a href="Asana%2C_Inc." title="Asana, Inc.">Asana</a></li>

<li><a href="Basecamp_(software)" class="mw-redirect" title="Basecamp (software)">Basecamp</a></li>

<li><a href="ClickUp" title="ClickUp">ClickUp</a></li>

<li><a href="Easy_Redmine" title="Easy Redmine">Easy Redmine</a></li>

<li><a href="Evernote" title="Evernote">Evernote</a></li>

<li><a href="Google_Tasks" title="Google Tasks">Google Tasks</a></li>

<li><a href="Habitica" title="Habitica">Habitica</a></li>

<li><a href="ManagePro" title="ManagePro">ManagePro</a></li>

<li><a href="Microsoft_Planner" title="Microsoft Planner">Microsoft Planner</a></li>

<li><a href="Microsoft_To_Do" title="Microsoft To Do">Microsoft To Do</a></li>

<li><a href="Monday.com" title="Monday.com">Monday.com</a></li>

<li><a href="Notion_(productivity_software)" title="Notion (productivity software)">Notion</a></li>

<li><a href="GroupWise" title="GroupWise">Novell GroupWise</a></li>

<li><a href="OmniFocus" title="OmniFocus">OmniFocus</a></li>

<li><a href="Priority_Matrix" title="Priority Matrix">Priority Matrix</a></li>

<li><a href="Remember_the_Milk" title="Remember the Milk">Remember the Milk</a></li>

<li><a href="Reminders_(Apple)" title="Reminders (Apple)">Reminders</a></li>

<li><a href="ShotGrid" title="ShotGrid">ShotGrid</a></li>

<li><a href="Shortcut_Software" title="Shortcut Software">Shortcut</a></li>

<li><a href="TaskCracker_for_Outlook" title="TaskCracker for Outlook">TaskCracker</a></li>

<li><a href="TaskJuggler" title="TaskJuggler">TaskJuggler</a></li>

<li><a href="Taskwarrior" title="Taskwarrior">Taskwarrior</a></li>

<li><a href="Taskworld" title="Taskworld">Taskworld</a></li>

<li><a href="Teamwork_(project_management)" title="Teamwork (project management)">Teamwork</a></li>

<li><a href="Things_(software)" title="Things (software)">Things</a></li>

<li><a href="Trello" title="Trello">Trello</a></li>

<li><a href="Workflowy" title="Workflowy">Workflowy</a></li>

<li><a href="YouTrack" title="YouTrack">YouTrack</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Discontinued</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="IQTELL" title="IQTELL">IQTELL</a></li>

<li><a href="Springpad" title="Springpad">Springpad</a></li>

<li><a href="Wunderlist" title="Wunderlist">Wunderlist</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>

<ul><li> Category</li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-07-26" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Slack_(software)&oldid=1302684237">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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